These scopes along with those that were produced by Lee Amidon (The Vermont Sight) were the standard scope used during the American Civil War. This was a huge improvement for the rifle scope. Then around 1853 a William Malcolm started to produce scopes using achromatic lenses together and incorporating windage and elevation adjusters for the outside of the tube. The optical power was low, probably around 1–2x magnification but the point was that the huntsman could now view his subject more clearly. This intern was then mounted onto the rifle. The lenses were then inserted and this became the rifle scope as we know it today. These long tube scopes had no adjustments for height or windage and were constructed using thin copper or brass sheeting which was malleable and thus able to be rolled to form a tube like construction and then soldered down the joint seam. This led onto the first commercially available sight which was called the ‘Chapman James Sight’. The rifle scope first appeared around 1835 and was developed by an American, Morgan James in collaboration with a John Chapman who discovered his invention. These developments in lens correction and the increase of uninterrupted light transmission lead us into the basis for all optical systems of rifle scopes, as we know today. This then led onto the apochromatic lens which coincidently was developed and patented by Peter Dolland (John Dollands son) in 1763.
This significant development in optics allowed for wave lengths of light which have different focal properties to diminish the effects of light scatter to be more controlled and thus reduce chromatic aberration. Although patented by John Dolland in 1753 if was in fact an amateur optician Chester More Hall who in 1733 proved Newton’s statement incorrect “that chromatic aberration correction through a lens was not possible”. Then over the years there were numerous developments of optical lenses, the most significant was the achromatic lens (two part lens- Crown and Flint). The scope in various forms has been with us since the early 1600’s when a Dutch inventor Hans Lippershey was accredited to the first known telescope. From my early days of study and training associated with the British Ministry of Defence in navigational and observation systems, through to a 20 year relationship with major European optical manufactures onto where I am today, I still have a great passion and interest in all things optical. This interest in optical instruments grew and eventually led me into a career in optics.
The passion for all things optical started for me more than 45 years ago as a young lad looking through my Dad’s binoculars whilst out sailing and marvelling at the objects that were so far away, but being brought right close and clear for me to see in such detail.
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